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Gahnia beecheyi

H.Mann (1867)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Monocots Order: Poales Family: Cyperaceae Genus: Gahnia

forest sawsedge, uki

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Perennials with obliquely ascending rhizomes, thickly clothed with dusky brown remnants of basal leaf sheaths.

Stems: Culms 60–120 cm tall, 4–7 mm in diameter below, subterete, 2–3–nodose between base and inflorescence.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Leaves numerous, primarily basal, only 2–3 cauline, blades coriaceous. Blades linear, much longer than the culm, 7–17 mm wide. Apex acuminate. Lower surfaces white–powdery. Margins strongly involute and prominently serrulate–scabrous. Sheaths long, the basal ones dark brown and those of cauline leaves green, glaucous, and flecked with dark brown. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers in inflorescence a moderately dense, subcontiguous, compound panicle, lanceolate in outline, 25–50 cm long, 3–6 cm wide, bearing many slightly elongated partial panicles, leafy bracts elongated, the lower and middle ones longer than the inflorescence, long–sheathing at base, peduncles solitary or in groups of 2–4, mostly enclosed in the bract sheath, bracteoles blackish brown, spathaceous; spikelets obovoid–turbinate when fruiting, 7–8 mm long, 3–4 mm wide,1–flowered; glumes 4– 6, dark brown, chartaceous, the lower 2–4 longer than the upper ones, narrowly ovate, gradually attenuate to acuminate to a shortawned apex, the upper 2 glumes subtending the achene, ovate, ca. 5 mm long, 2.7–3 mm wide, subobtuse to subacute at apex. Flowers bisexual (perfect) or staminate. Perianth of a small scale, or occasionally of 2–3 bristles. Corolla (petals) absent. Stamens 3–5, hardly exserted from subtending glume; filament flexuous to crisped. Ovary superior; styles ca. 8 mm long, the base subulate-conical, persistent.

Fruit: Achenes dark yellow; glossy; bony; oblong–ellipsoid; terete (cylindrical); 5–6 mm long; 2–3 mm wide. Seeds 1; seed coat thin; free from pericarp; embryo basal; endosperm abundant.

Ploidy: 2n = 96*

Habitat: Occurring in open sites or on ridges in mesic forest and occasionally wet forest.

Elevation Range: 300–1,370 m.

Historical Distribution

Images

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Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

Kaua'i Endemic
O'ahu Endemic
Molokai Endemic
Lana'i Endemic
Maui Endemic
Hawai'i Endemic

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 7: 210 (1867)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:1409 (K, O, L, M, H); Hughes 1995:4 (Mo)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Gahnia beecheyi Kaiholena, ridge beyond Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. 127 Lanai BISH 1913-09-28
2 Gahnia beecheyi Nonou Mts. Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 597 Kauai BISH 1916-10-16
3 Gahnia beecheyi Waianae Kai Valley, trail to Kamaileunu Ridge Preserved_Specimen Wagner, W.L. 5119 Oahu BISH 1983-12-11
4 Gahnia beecheyi Waiolani Ridge Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. Oahu BISH 1908-08-01
5 Gahnia beecheyi Makaleha Valley Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 17088 Oahu BISH 1918-05-02
6 Gahnia beecheyi Alakai, Lehua makanoe Preserved_Specimen Cranwell, L.M. 2894 Kauai BISH 1938-08-13
7 Gahnia beecheyi Nualolo trail, Napali-Kona FR Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 10838 Kauai BISH 1930-12-28
8 Gahnia beecheyi Nonou Mts. Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 597 Kauai BISH 1916-10-16
9 Gahnia beecheyi Makaleha Ridge Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 17077 Oahu BISH 1918-04-01
10 Gahnia beecheyi Waiakeakua Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. 159 Lanai BISH 1927-07-18
11 Gahnia beecheyi R side, Waialae Iki ridge Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 2436 Oahu BISH 1917-03-02
12 Gahnia beecheyi Awaawapuhi Trail Preserved_Specimen Corn, C. 211 Kauai BISH 1987-06-16
13 Gahnia beecheyi Koele Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 8214 Lanai BISH 1910-06-01
14 Gahnia beecheyi Palolo Valley, middle ridge Preserved_Specimen Christophersen, E. 1671 Oahu BISH 1931-11-26
15 Gahnia beecheyi Between Kokee and Mohihi stream Preserved_Specimen Skottsberg, C.J.F. 1022 Kauai BISH 1922-06-29
16 Gahnia beecheyi Punaluu Valley Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 8846 Oahu BISH 1911-09-01
17 Gahnia beecheyi Wailenalena stream bank Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 9015 Kauai BISH 1911-10-01
18 Gahnia beecheyi Omoe, Kipu Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 17594 Kauai BISH 1939-12-22
19 Gahnia beecheyi Nonou Mts. Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 597 Kauai BISH 1916-10-16
20 Gahnia beecheyi Halemanu Preserved_Specimen MacDaniels, L.H. 748 Kauai BISH 1927-02-17
21 Gahnia beecheyi Koolau Mts., Bryan's Mtn. House Trail at Grant Boundry Preserved_Specimen Krajina, V.J. 620520006 Oahu BISH 1962-05-20
22 Gahnia beecheyi Puu Alii Preserved_Specimen Ordonez, E. 12867 Lanai BISH 1940-07-14
23 Gahnia beecheyi Kaiholena, ridge by Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. 503 Lanai BISH 1916-04-15
24 Gahnia beecheyi Palolo-Waialae ridge Preserved_Specimen MacDaniels, L.H. 497 Oahu BISH 1927-01-27
25 Gahnia beecheyi Halemanu Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 12753 Kauai BISH 1908-08-01
26 Gahnia beecheyi Koolau Mts., Pupukea-Kahuku trail Preserved_Specimen Selling, O. 3346 Oahu BISH 1938-09-02
27 Gahnia beecheyi Puu Kanehoa, Honouliuli, Waianae Mts Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 11070 Oahu BISH 1931-03-22
28 Gahnia beecheyi Woodlawn Trail Preserved_Specimen Garber, D.W. 258 Oahu BISH 1920-02-15
29 Gahnia beecheyi Koele Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 8214 Lanai BISH 1910-06-01
30 Gahnia beecheyi Kalalau trail, W Waimea drainage basin Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 1028 Kauai BISH 1917-07-03
31 Gahnia beecheyi Nuuanu-Pauoa ridge Preserved_Specimen Skottsberg, C.J.F. 1773 Oahu BISH 1926-09-12
32 Gahnia beecheyi NW Alakai swamp, Napali-Kona FR Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 10778 Kauai BISH 1930-12-27
33 Gahnia beecheyi Manoa Cliff trail, Koolau Mts. Preserved_Specimen Hume, E.P. 354 Oahu BISH 1931-11-28
34 Gahnia beecheyi Aiea, CCC trail Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 17453 Oahu BISH 1936-02-16
35 Gahnia beecheyi West Maui, Puu Kukui trail Preserved_Specimen Hobdy, R.W. 2793 Maui BISH 1987-04-19
36 Gahnia beecheyi Makaha ridge, road to Naval facility Preserved_Specimen Flynn, T.W. 702 Kauai BISH 1983-12-28
37 Gahnia beecheyi Kaiholena, ridge beyond Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. 127 Lanai BISH 1913-09-28
38 Gahnia beecheyi Above Bryans Mt. House Preserved_Specimen Corn, C. Oahu BISH 1983-07-06
39 Gahnia beecheyi Alakai Swamp Preserved_Specimen Huber, H.F.J. Kauai BISH 1964-08-21
40 Gahnia beecheyi S ridge of Kipapa Gulch, Waipio, Koolau Mts. Preserved_Specimen Liu, F. Oahu BISH 1932-05-15
41 Gahnia beecheyi Halemanuu Preserved_Specimen Neal, M.C. Kauai BISH 1929-04-30
42 Gahnia beecheyi Ohulehule Preserved_Specimen Christophersen, E. Oahu BISH 1924-11-09
43 Gahnia beecheyi S ridge of Kipapa Gulch, Waipio, Koolau Mts. Preserved_Specimen Liu, F. Oahu BISH 1932-05-15
44 Gahnia beecheyi Just Leeward of summit along the northern part of Kalepa Ridge Preserved_Specimen Corn, C. Kauai BISH 1977-07-21
45 Gahnia beecheyi [Hawaiian Islands; U.S.A.; Hawaii Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 8332 BISH 1928-01-01
46 Gahnia beecheyi West Maui, Puu Kukui trail Preserved_Specimen Hobdy, R.W. 2792 Maui BISH 1987-04-19
47 Gahnia beecheyi Milolii ridge, Waimea Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 13740 Kauai BISH 1933-12-27
48 Gahnia beecheyi Pahole Drainage #2. Ridge leading to Alsinodendron Exposed ridge with Acacia koa. Preserved_Specimen Welton, P. 555 Oahu BISH 1990-06-23
49 Gahnia beecheyi Kauluwehi Swamp Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 12750 Kauai BISH 1916-10-01
50 Gahnia beecheyi Hanalei-Kawaihau ridge, Kualapa, SW of Makaleha Mts. sunny; with Dicranopteris, grasses Preserved_Specimen leaves to 1.3 m length, inflorescence to 1.5 m Nagata, K.M. 2079 Kauai BISH 1980-07-31
51 Gahnia beecheyi Kalauao-Waimalu Ridge, Ewa FR, Koolau Mts. Wooded; Growing up through a bush Preserved_Specimen Plant 12' tall. St.John, H. 13043 Oahu BISH 1933-03-29
52 Gahnia beecheyi Kipapa Trail, over 1/4 mi from boundary, S side of trail, above trailside bank disturbed wet lowland forest; Metrosideros, Acacia, Dicranopteris Preserved_Specimen ~1 m sedge; leaves numerous, clumped together at bases; flower inflorescence moderately dense panicle; immature fruit Reynolds, L.S. 91 Oahu BISH 2006-06-01
53 Gahnia beecheyi Koolau Range Under Metrosideros and koa Preserved_Specimen Woolford, H.A. 239 Oahu BISH 1971-01-08
54 Gahnia beecheyi Pupukea-Paumalu, Koolauloa, Koolau Mts. side gulch, with Psidium cattleianum Preserved_Specimen Nagata, K.M. 3758 Oahu BISH 1987-12-11
55 Gahnia beecheyi Waahila Ridge forest, with Acacia and Metrosideros Preserved_Specimen tufted; leaves with sharp edges, stem blackish brown at base, infl. blackish van Balgooy, M.M.J. 4131 Oahu BISH 1982-05-23
56 Gahnia beecheyi Pig God Trail, Punaluu Forest Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 17631 Oahu BISH 1937-03-29
57 Gahnia beecheyi Munro Trail, NW part Open rainforest, near top Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 24305 Lanai BISH 1957-08-15
58 Gahnia beecheyi S Opaeula Gulch, Paalaa, Koolau Mts. Wooded ridge Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 100643 Oahu BISH 1930-11-09
59 Gahnia beecheyi Haalelepaakai and Puhielelu Ridges, S part of valley between ridges open Preserved_Specimen up to 3.5 ft. tall and spreading to 3 ft. Flynn, T.W. 213 Lanai BISH 1982-05-26
60 Gahnia beecheyi Mauumae Ridge, S of Kaau Crater base of Norfolk pine; with Metrosideros, Dicranopteris Preserved_Specimen Takeuchi, W.N. 93 Oahu BISH 1984-03-10
61 Gahnia beecheyi Mokuleia, W Kaaawa-E Kamokuni ridge Acacia-Metrosideros forest. Preserved_Specimen Grant, M.L. 7027 Oahu BISH 1934-07-11
62 Gahnia beecheyi Puu Alii, Kaunolu open moist forest Preserved_Specimen tufts St.John, H. 18715 Lanai BISH 1938-04-09
63 Gahnia beecheyi Kaiholena Gulch, near head, along Munro Trail near head; shrubby cloud belt Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 28297 Lanai BISH 1963-07-29
64 Gahnia beecheyi Waineke Swamp, Kokee Sunny Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 2191 Kauai BISH 1926-06-28
65 Gahnia beecheyi E rim, Kalalau Valley rain forest clearing Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 27245 Kauai BISH 1960-11-16
66 Gahnia beecheyi Puu Kukui Along trail on narrow ridge, rain forest Preserved_Specimen Herbst, D.R. 1323 Maui BISH 1968-11-28
67 Gahnia beecheyi Waiakeakua Gulch Forest Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 20316 Lanai BISH 1940-08-04
68 Gahnia beecheyi S ridge, S Opaeula Gulch, Paalaa, Koolau Mts wooded Preserved_Specimen tufts St.John, H. 12102 Oahu BISH 1932-09-25
69 Gahnia beecheyi E ridge of 2nd gulch, E of Puu Kaupakuhale, NE Kaala, Mokuleia thicket Preserved_Specimen tufts St.John, H. 12171 Oahu BISH 1932-10-23
70 Gahnia beecheyi 1 mi from Puu O Kila Lookout, Kokee Metrosideros forest Preserved_Specimen to 5' clumping sedge Ishikawa, S. 300 Kauai BISH 1973-08-22
71 Gahnia beecheyi W rim, Kalalau Valley Dry forest Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 21555 Kauai BISH 1952-01-07
72 Gahnia beecheyi Mauumae Ridge, S of Kaau Crater with Metrosideros, Dicranopteris Preserved_Specimen Takeuchi, W.N. 104 Oahu BISH 1984-03-10
73 Gahnia beecheyi 1st N fork of Wahiawa Stream, NW of bog dense wet forest; with Psidium, Metrosideros, Psychotria, Hedyotis terminalis, Cyanea, Dicranopteris, Cyrtandra, Labordia hirtella Preserved_Specimen Wagner, W.L. 6010 Kauai BISH 1988-04-07
74 Gahnia beecheyi Kaunolu, Puu Alii open moist forest Preserved_Specimen tufts St.John, H. 18715 Lanai BISH 1938-04-09
75 Gahnia beecheyi Puu Alii, ridge ridge Preserved_Specimen Hobdy, R.W. 141 Lanai BISH 1964-07-15
76 Gahnia beecheyi Koele, mountains near mountains Preserved_Specimen 4' clumps Forbes, C.N. 208 Lanai BISH 1913-06-01
77 Gahnia beecheyi 1st N fork of Wahiawa Stream, NW of bog dense wet forest; with Psidium, Metrosideros, Psychotria, Hedyotis terminalis, Cyanea, Dicranopteris, Cyrtandra, Labordia hirtella Preserved_Specimen Wagner, W.L. 6010 Kauai BISH 1988-04-07
78 Gahnia beecheyi West Maui, Nakalalua thicket on ridge Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 10246 Maui BISH 1930-02-06
79 Gahnia beecheyi Oahu shade, moist forest, steep slope of narrow gulch, just below trail Preserved_Specimen clumps O'Connor, P.J. Oahu BISH 1987-09-13
80 Gahnia beecheyi Waimano trail, Koolau Range exposed crest, cloud zone, thicket Preserved_Specimen tufts; spikelets dark brown St.John, H. 20963 Oahu BISH 1945-05-13
81 Gahnia beecheyi Waimea District. Maakaha Valley. Acacia-Metrosideros montane mesic forest with Diospyros sandwicensis, D. hillebrandii, Alphitonia ponderosa, Pisonia sandwicensis, Dodonaea viscosa, Pleomele aurea, Psychotria mariniana, Kadua affinis, Coprosma waimeae, C. follosa, Polyscias k Preserved_Specimen sedge, terrestrial, in forest understory or open windswepted zones, in fruit, achenes brown-yellow, common Wood, K.R. 15855 Kauai BISH 2014-02-28
82 Gahnia beecheyi Near beginning of 1st gulch below Puu Hapapa (Just off Honouliuli Contour Trail) Wet, shaded. Assoc. w/ Certandra [sic], Charpentiera, Urera, ferns. Preserved_Specimen Herbst, D.R. 429 Oahu BISH 1967-04-15
83 Gahnia beecheyi Kokee Open roadside Preserved_Specimen 1 m clumps; black flower Lee, H.A. 240 Kauai BISH 1925-11-22
84 Gahnia beecheyi W of Keopaweo, Nawiliwili Dry forest Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 21534 Kauai BISH 1952-01-05
85 Gahnia beecheyi ridge S of S Opaeula Gulch, Paalaa, Koolau Mts. Wooded Preserved_Specimen 6' tufts St.John, H. 1524 Oahu BISH 1932-01-17
86 Gahnia beecheyi Kalauao-Waimalu Ridge, Ewa FR, Koolau Mts. wooded; up through a bush Preserved_Specimen 12 ft. St.John, H. 13043 Oahu BISH 1933-03-29
87 Gahnia beecheyi Kalauao-Waimalu ridge, Ewa FR, Koolau Mts. Wooded Preserved_Specimen tufts St.John, H. 13025 Oahu BISH 1933-03-29
88 Gahnia beecheyi Waimea Canyon, NASA tracking station with Acacia, Styphelia, Dianella, Wikstroemia, Gouldia Preserved_Specimen Henrickson, J.S. 4025 Kauai BISH 1969-08-01
89 Gahnia beecheyi Kipapa Gulch dry ridge Preserved_Specimen Nitta, K. 8325 Oahu BISH 1929-11-10
90 Gahnia beecheyi 1 mi from Puu O Kila Lookout, Kokee Metrosideros forest Preserved_Specimen to 5' clumping sedge Ishikawa, S. 300 Kauai BISH 1973-08-22
91 Gahnia beecheyi Mt. Kalena, Waianae Metrosideros forest Preserved_Specimen Grant, M.L. 7390 Oahu BISH 1934-09-30
92 Gahnia beecheyi NW Waahila ridge, N of Woodlawn moist forest; with koa, lama, Bobea, Psychotria. Freycinetia, Cibotium Preserved_Specimen Herbst, D.R. 1123 Oahu BISH 1968-06-05
93 Gahnia beecheyi S ridge of Kipapa Gulch, E of Puu Kamana, Waipio, Koolau Mts. Wooded Preserved_Specimen tufts St.John, H. 11681 Oahu BISH 1932-05-15
94 Gahnia beecheyi central ridge of Makaleha Valley Forest Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 21276 Oahu BISH 1951-01-12
95 Gahnia beecheyi Halawa Trail koa, lehua Preserved_Specimen Egler, F.E. 37152 Oahu BISH 1937-05-23
96 Gahnia beecheyi Mauumae Ridge, S of Kaau Crater with Metrosideros, Dicranopteris Preserved_Specimen Takeuchi, W.N. 103 Oahu BISH 1984-03-10
97 Gahnia beecheyi Milolii trail, Kokee forest Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 17595 Kauai BISH 1940-01-03
98 Gahnia beecheyi Milolii Ridge, Waimea Koa forest Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 13738 Kauai BISH 1933-12-27
99 Gahnia beecheyi Wailenalena stream bank Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 9015 Kauai BISH 1911-10-01
100 Gahnia beecheyi Koolau Mts., Kipapa ridge trail, ~2 mi from FR sign, R side as ascending Preserved_Specimen Herbst, D.R. 344 Oahu BISH 1967-03-04
101 Gahnia beecheyi Koolau Mts., Manoa Cliff trail trail Preserved_Specimen Wilbur, R.L. 444 Oahu BISH 1948-02-23
102 Gahnia beecheyi Lehuamakanoi open, swampy rainforest Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 27244 Kauai BISH 1960-11-26
103 Gahnia beecheyi Kohala Ditch Trail Preserved_Specimen 1-1.5 m Lee, H.A. 138 Hawaii BISH 1924-10-20
104 Gahnia beecheyi Kauluwehi Swamp Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 12750 Kauai BISH 1916-10-01
105 Gahnia beecheyi ridge SW of Pihea, Waimea open forest; with Gahnia kauaiensis Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 22950 Kauai BISH 1947-12-22
106 Gahnia beecheyi Schofield Preserved_Specimen Hitchcock, A.S. 14028 Oahu BISH 1916-07-01
107 Gahnia beecheyi Waimea, high plateau Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 17104 Kauai BISH 1916-10-01
108 Gahnia beecheyi Halemanu, edge of Waimea Canyon, trail to Waipoo Falls Preserved_Specimen inflorescence dark brown, achenes reddish Herbst, D.R. 2377 Kauai BISH 1972-04-10
109 Gahnia beecheyi Waimea District. Mahanaloa valley, Kula NAR, ridge top between Paaiki and Mahanaloa valleys Preserved_Specimen Plants 1 meter ht with flowers and fruit. Acacia koa-Metrosideros mesic forest. With Xylosma hawaiiense, Planchonella sandwicensis, Psychotria greenwelliae, Scaevola procera, Nestegis sandwicensis, Ilex anomala, Syzygium sandwicensis, Sadleria, Weeds: Passiflora mollissima Perlman, S. 23215 Kauai BISH 2013-01-10
110 Gahnia beecheyi Kaaweiki ridge Koa, ohia forest Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 27242 Kauai BISH 1960-11-24
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